The Old Testament's Testimony to the Divinity of the Messiah

 

If Jesus claimed to be the Messiah, then by necessity, he is claiming to be God. The Holy Bible, in many places, tells us that Messiah is divine:

“Now muster your troops, O daughter of troops; siege is laid against us; with a rod they strike the judge of Israel on the cheek. But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days. Therefore he shall give them up until the time when she who is in labor has given birth; then the rest of his brothers shall return to the people of Israel. And he shall stand and shepherd his flock in the strength of the Lord, in the majesty of the name of the Lord his God. And they shall dwell secure, for now he shall be great to the ends of the earth.” - Micah 5:1-4

“Behold, my servant shall act wisely; he shall be high and lifted up, and shall be exalted. As many were astonished at you— his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the children of mankind— so shall he sprinkle many nations. Kings shall shut their mouths because of him, for that which has not been told them they see, and that which they have not heard they understand.” - 

‭‭Isaiah‬ ‭52:13-15‬ ‭ESV

The sort of language that the Prophet Isaiah uses here is extremely similar to language earlier in the book which ascribed to Yahweh himself!

“In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and the train of his robe filled the temple. Above him stood the seraphim. Each had six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. And one called to another and said: “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts; the whole earth is full of his glory!” And the foundations of the thresholds shook at the voice of him who called, and the house was filled with smoke. And I said: “Woe is me! For I am lost; for I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts!” -  ‭‭Isaiah‬ ‭6:1-5‬ ‭

“The Lord is exalted, for he dwells on high; he will fill Zion with justice and righteousness,” -  ‭‭Isaiah‬ ‭33:5‬ ‭ESV‬‬

The Prophet Daniel also views the Messiah, the Son of Man, as being divine:

“I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him. And to him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom one that shall not be destroyed.” - ‭‭Daniel‬ ‭7:13-14‬ 

This figure whom Daniel speaks of has attributes that are identical to those of Yahweh (cloud rider, he receives worship, etc.) :

“And in the morning watch the Lord in the pillar of fire and of cloud looked down on the Egyptian forces and threw the Egyptian forces into a panic,” - ‭‭Exodus‬ ‭14:24‬ ‭

“The Lord is slow to anger and great in power, and the Lord will by no means clear the guilty. His way is in whirlwind and storm, and the clouds are the dust of his feet.” - ‭‭Nahum‬ ‭1:3‬ ‭

“Sing to God, sing praises to his name; lift up a song to him who rides through the deserts; his name is the Lord; exult before him!” - ‭‭Psalm‬ ‭68:4‬ ‭

“An oracle concerning Egypt. Behold, the Lord is riding on a swift cloud and comes to Egypt; and the idols of Egypt will tremble at his presence, and the heart of the Egyptians will melt within them.” - ‭‭Isaiah‬ ‭19:1‬ ‭ 

In the NT, the Lord Jesus claims to be the Messiah:

“The woman said to him, “I know that Messiah is coming (he who is called Christ). When he comes, he will tell us all things.” Jesus said to her, “I who speak to you am he.” - ‭‭John‬ ‭4:25-26‬ ‭

After His resurrection, he reaffirms his identity as the Messiah:

“That very day two of them were going to a village named Emmaus, about seven miles from Jerusalem, and they were talking with each other about all these things that had happened. While they were talking and discussing together, Jesus himself drew near and went with them.”“And he said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.” - ‭‭Luke‬ ‭24:13-15‬, 25-27

Islam likewise affirms that Jesus Christ is the Messiah (Surah 3:45), thus if Muslims want to be consistent, they end up having to deny their own faith's teachings about Jesus in the Qur'an. 

Thus, due to the fact that the OT says that the Messiah is Yahweh, and that Jesus explicitly claimed to be Messiah (which Muslims also believe that Jesus is the Messiah), he is thus claiming to be God in light of the Hebrew Scriptures.